Traditional plastic bags are very polluting to the natural environment. They take up to a hundred years to decompose. Often these plastic wastes are landfilled or sent to the ocean, harming wildlife and ecosystems. Compostable bags and biodegradable bags can solve this problem, but which one is better for the environment and your business?
This guide will give you a detailed analysis of the differences, advantages and disadvantages of compostable and biodegradable garbage bags, as well as things to pay attention to when choosing.
What Are Compostable Trash Bags?
Compostable trash bags are made from natural materials like corn starch, PLA (polylactic acid), and PBAT. These bags are engineered to fully break down into non-toxic components—carbon dioxide, water, and biomass—within a specific time frame under composting conditions.
Materials Used:
- Corn starch
- PLA (made from fermented plant starch)
- PBAT (biodegradable polymer)
Certifications to Look For:
- BPI Certified Compostable (ASTM D6400)
- TÜV Austria OK Compost (Home & Industrial)
- EN 13432 (EU standard)
Environmental Benefits:
- Leaves no toxic residue
- Breaks down completely within 90–180 days
- Safe for industrial and home composting
What Are Biodegradable Trash Bags?
Biodegradable trash bags are designed to break down over time through the action of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms. While this sounds great, the process is often slow and incomplete, especially in landfills where oxygen and sunlight are limited.
Materials Used:
- Polyethylene with additives (oxo-degradable)
- Plant-based blends (but often mixed with plastics)
Key Limitations:
- May leave behind microplastics
- No standard regulation or certification required
- Misleading “greenwashing” labels are common
Biodegradable doesn’t always mean environmentally friendly. Without ideal conditions, these bags may never fully break down.
Differences Between Biodegradable and Compostable Bags
| Feature | Compostable Bags | Biodegradable Bags |
|---|---|---|
| Material | Plant-based (e.g., corn starch) | Often plastic-based with additives |
| Breakdown Time | 90–180 days in compost | Months to years, depending on conditions |
| End Product | Water, CO₂, and biomass | May leave microplastics |
| Compost Bin Safe | ✅ Yes | ❌ Usually no |
| Certifications | BPI, EN13432, TÜV OK Compost | No global standard |
| Best Use | Organic waste, food scraps, green bins | Landfill-bound waste only |
Which Trash Bag Should You Choose?
Choose compostable trash bags if:
- You separate organic waste (food scraps, yard waste)
- Your waste goes to a composting facility
- You want a truly eco-friendly solution
Choose biodegradable bags if:
- Composting isn’t available
- You’re using them for general, non-organic trash
- Budget is a concern (biodegradable bags may be cheaper)
However, when sustainability is your priority, compostable bags are the superior choice.
Why Compostable Trash Bags Are Better for Sustainability
- Fully Break Down: Leaves no pollutants or plastic fragments behind.
- Certified and Regulated: Meets international standards for compostability.
- Supports Green Waste Programs: Accepted in most municipal compost systems.
- Safe for Home Composting: TÜV OK Compost HOME-certified options available.
At Orizon Biomaterials, we manufacture compostable trash bags that meet BPI, EN13432, AS4736, and TÜV OK Compost certifications. We help businesses and eco-brands go plastic-free—without sacrificing quality.
How to Identify Authentic Compostable Trash Bags
Not all “green” bags are truly compostable.
Look for:
- BPI, EN13432, AS4736, or OK Compost certification logos
- Material names like PLA, PBAT, and corn starch
- Specific composting instructions
Avoid:
- Generic “eco” or “biodegradable” claims without certification
- Oxo-degradable plastics (often falsely marketed as eco-friendly)
- Bags that feel or smell like regular plastic
Practical Tips for Using Eco-Friendly Bags
Proper Disposal
Dispose of biodegradable and compostable bags correctly. Separate waste streams to ensure that compostable bags end up in composting facilities. For biodegradable bags, follow local guidelines for general waste disposal.
Reducing Bag Usage
Encourage the use of reusable bags whenever possible. Reducing single-use plastics is the most sustainable choice. When you do need single-use bags, choose certified biodegradable or compostable options.
Conclusion
While both biodegradable and compostable bags aim to reduce environmental impact, only certified compostable trash bags offer a reliable, safe, and sustainable solution. They’re better for waste systems, soil health, and your brand’s green reputation.
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Explore Our Compostable Trash Bags ➜
FAQ
What’s better: compostable or biodegradable trash bags?
Compostable bags are better. They break down faster, leave no toxins behind, and are certified for composting systems.
Are biodegradable bags good for the environment?
Not always. Some biodegradable bags still contain plastic and leave behind microplastics when they degrade.
Can I compost compostable trash bags at home?
Yes, if the bag is OK Compost HOME certified. Otherwise, industrial composting is required.
How do I know if a bag is truly compostable?
Look for certifications like BPI, EN13432, or TÜV Austria OK Compost. These indicate rigorous testing and compliance.
Are compostable bags more expensive?
They can be, but the long-term environmental benefit and brand value often outweigh the higher initial cost—especially for eco-conscious businesses.
